🩺 Prostate Health (PSA) Risk Calculator 👨‍⚕️

Estimates prostate cancer risk based on PSA levels and other factors

Personal Information

Age (years)

Race/Ethnicity White/Caucasian Black/African American Asian Hispanic/Latino Other/Unknown

Family History of Prostate Cancer

No family history 1st degree relative Multiple relatives

PSA Test Results

Current PSA Level ℹ️Prostate-Specific Antigen level from your most recent blood test

2 ng/mL

Normal range typically <4 ng/mL, but varies by age

PSA Trend Over Time Stable (little change) Slow rise (0.5-0.75 ng/mL per year) Fast rise (>0.75 ng/mL per year) Fluctuating (up and down) Don't know/No previous tests

Digital Rectal Exam (DRE) Result Normal Enlarged prostate (BPH) Asymmetry or nodule Not performed

Symptoms & Health Factors

Select any symptoms you're experiencing:

Frequent urination, especially at night

Weak or interrupted urine stream

Difficulty emptying bladder completely

Pain or burning during urination

Blood in urine or semen

Prostate Size (if known, in grams)

Assessment Result

How to Use This Calculator

This calculator estimates your risk of prostate cancer based on PSA levels and other clinical factors. Here's how to use it:

1. Enter your personal information - Age, race/ethnicity, and family history of prostate cancer.
2. Input your most recent PSA level - Use the slider or type directly. Units can be toggled between ng/mL and μg/L (they are equivalent).
3. Select your PSA trend - How your PSA levels have changed over time if you have previous tests.
4. Indicate your DRE result - From your most recent digital rectal exam.
5. Check any urinary symptoms you're currently experiencing.
6. Optionally enter prostate size if known from previous exams or imaging.
7. Click "Calculate Risk" to get your assessment.

Example 1: Moderate Risk

Patient: 58-year-old African American male

PSA: 3.8 ng/mL

Trend: Slow rise (0.6 ng/mL per year)

DRE: Normal

Family History: Father had prostate cancer at 65

Result: Moderate risk - recommendation for follow-up PSA in 6 months and urologist consultation

Example 2: High Risk

Patient: 65-year-old white male

PSA: 6.2 ng/mL

Trend: Fast rise (1.1 ng/mL per year)

DRE: Asymmetry found

Symptoms: Weak stream, difficulty emptying

Result: High risk - urgent recommendation for urologist referral and consideration of biopsy

About PSA and Prostate Cancer Risk

Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) is a protein produced by both normal and malignant prostate cells. While PSA testing is controversial for screening, it remains an important tool when interpreted with other clinical factors.

PSA Interpretation Guidelines:

• Normal range: Typically <4 ng/mL, but varies by age
• Age-adjusted norms:
  • 40-49: <2.5 ng/mL
  • 50-59: <3.5 ng/mL
  • 60-69: <4.5 ng/mL
  • 70+: <6.5 ng/mL
• PSA density: PSA divided by prostate volume (should be <0.15 ng/mL/cm³)
• PSA velocity: Rate of change (>0.75 ng/mL/year increase concerning)

Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer:

• Age: Risk increases significantly after 50
• Race: African Americans have higher risk
• Family history: Especially if relatives were young at diagnosis
• PSA levels: Higher levels correlate with increased risk
• PSA trends: Rapid rises more concerning than stable levels

Next Steps Based on Results:

• Low risk: Routine screening based on age and risk factors
• Moderate risk: More frequent PSA testing, possible free PSA test, urologist consultation
• High risk: Urologist referral, consideration of prostate biopsy, possible MRI

Important Notes:

• PSA can be elevated due to benign conditions like BPH (enlarged prostate) or prostatitis (inflammation)
• Some prostate cancers occur with "normal" PSA levels
• This tool provides risk estimation only and doesn't replace clinical judgment
• Always consult with a healthcare provider about screening and results